What is the main function of biological monitoring in sterilization?

The main function of biological monitoring in sterilization is to verify the success of the sterilization process. This is achieved through the use of biological indicators that contain viable microorganisms. After a sterilization cycle, these indicators are subjected to the same conditions as the instruments being sterilized. The presence of viable microorganisms after the cycle indicates that the sterilization process has failed, while their absence confirms that effective sterilization has occurred. This method is crucial as it provides concrete evidence that the sterilization process was successful in eliminating potentially harmful pathogens, thereby ensuring the safety of dental instruments used in patient care.

While tracking equipment usage, ensuring the power supply is functioning, and measuring the duration of sterilization cycles are important operational aspects of maintaining a sterilization protocol, they do not directly assess the effectiveness of the sterilization itself. Biological monitoring specifically addresses the outcome of the sterilization process, making it an essential component in infection control practices in dental settings.